Heat Exchanger Functionality: AHUs in data centers typically use a fan-driven heat exchanger to transfer heat from the hot air within the data center to a cooling fluid. This cooling fluid, often treated water, absorbs the heat and transports it to a chiller or other external cooling system for dissipation.

1. Air Circulation: The AHU draws in warm air from the data center through ductwork. Inside the unit, the air passes over cooling coils containing the chilled fluid. The coils absorb the heat, cooling the air to the desired temperature before recirculating it back into the data center.
2. Humidity Control: Besides temperature regulation, AHUs also manage humidity levels. Excess humidity can lead to condensation and potential equipment damage, while insufficient humidity increases the risk of static electricity. AHUs maintain relative humidity between 40% and 60% by integrating humidifiers or dehumidifiers as needed.
3. Filtration: To protect sensitive equipment, AHUs are equipped with high-efficiency filters that remove dust and other particulates from the air. This ensures a clean environment, minimizing the risk of contamination that could affect server performance.
4. Energy Efficiency: Modern AHUs often incorporate energy-saving features, such as variable-speed fans and advanced control systems, to optimize cooling efficiency. By adjusting airflow and cooling output based on real-time data center conditions, these systems reduce energy consumption and operational costs.